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1 Bond, George Meade
SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering[br]b. 17 July 1852 Newburyport, Massachusetts, USAd. 6 January 1935 Hartford, Connecticut, USA[br]American mechanical engineer and metrologist, co-developer of the Rogers- Bond Comparator.[br]After leaving school at the age of 17, George Bond taught in local schools for a few years before starting an apprenticeship in a machine shop in Grand Rapids, Michigan. He then worked as a machinist with Phoenix Furniture Company in that city until his savings permitted him to enter the Stevens Institute of Technology at Hoboken, New Jersey, in 1876. He graduated with the degree of Mechanical Engineer in 1880. In his final year he assisted William A.Rogers, Professor of Astronomy at Harvard College Observatory, Cambridge, Massachusetts, in the design of a comparator for checking standards of length. In 1880 he joined the Pratt \& Whitney Company, Hartford, Connecticut, and was Manager of the Standards and Gauge Department from then until 1902. During this period he developed cylindrical, calliper, snap, limit, thread and other gauges. He also designed the Bond Standard Measuring Machine. Bond was elected a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1881 and of the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1887, and served on many of their committees relating to standards and units of measurement.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsVice-President, American Society of Mechanical Engineers 1908–10. Honorary degrees of DEng, Stevens Institute of Technology 1921, and MSc, Trinity College, Hartford, 1927.Bibliography1881. "Standard measurements", Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers 2:81.1882. "A standard gauge system", Transactions of the American Society of MechanicalEngineers 3:122.1886, "Standard pipe and pipe threads", Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers 7:311.1887. Standards of Length and Their Practical Application, Hartford.Further Reading"Report of the Committee on Standards and Gauges", 1883, Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers 4:21–9 (describes the Rogers-Bond Comparator).RTS -
2 Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Clement, JosephDu ShiDu YuGongshu PanLi BingMa JunMurdock, WilliamSomerset, EdwardBiographical history of technology > Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering
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3 механическое сцепление
Русско-английский политехнический словарь > механическое сцепление
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4 механическая связь в композиционном материале
Связь, осуществляемая за счёт чисто механических зацеплений неровностей контактирующих поверхностей матрицы и волокна или за счёт их трения.Углеродные материалы > механическая связь в композиционном материале
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5 механическое сцепление
1) Engineering: mechanical adhesion, mechanical bond (напр. арматуры с бетоном)2) Construction: mechanical bond (напр. заполнителей с цементным камнем в бетоне)3) Metrology: mechanical linkage4) Mechanics: ganging5) Electrochemistry: mechanical keying (типа якоря)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > механическое сцепление
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6 механическая связь
1) Engineering: ganging, mechanical linkage, mechanical linkage arrangement2) Construction: mechanical bond3) Railway term: mechanical linking4) Advertising: mechanical link5) Robots: mechanical constraintУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > механическая связь
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7 сцепление
1) General subject: adherence, adhesion, bond, coherence, cohesion, concatenation, contact, coupling, friction, hook-up, hookup, linkage, linking, tripping2) Computers: sharing3) Biology: adherence (см. тж adhesion), adhesion (см. тж adherence), connection, linkage (генов)4) Aviation: braking action (на ВПП (good, medium to good, medium, medium to poor, poor or unreliable))5) Naval: jointing6) Medicine: anchorage, conglutination (клеток), interlocking7) Military: locking (затвора со ствольной коробкой)8) Engineering: binding, bite, bonding, chaining (модулей или программ), hooking, mesh, meshing, tractive resistance (с грунтом), clutch9) Construction: keying action, tooth, grip, key (напр; штукатурки со стеной)10) Railway term: adhesion (колёс с рельсами), adhesion capacity, chain, flotation (с грунтом), interlinkage, mechanical bond, spring plate, track adhesion11) Automobile industry: adherence (напр. колеса с почвой), clutch (муфта), clutch (муфта сцепления), crutch, engine clutch12) Forestry: adhesion (напр. колёс с грунтом), traction13) Textile: gearing14) Information technology: catenation, chaining (программ), chaining (конвейерное) (вид конвейеризации, при котором результаты одного тактового цикла используются в операциях следующего), cohesion (элементов модуля), concatenation (строк), linkage (признаков)17) Mechanic engineering: connecting shaft, seizure, throwing-in18) Silicates: bond (бетона с арматурой)19) Drilling: engagement, link, tenacity20) Polymers: drag21) Automation: coupling engagement, enmeshment, gripping, interengagement, interlinking, interlock, locking mating engagement22) Robots: coupler24) Makarov: adhesion (напр колёс с грунтом), adhesion (связь), bite (шин с поверхностью дороги), bond (связь), cohesion (межмолекулярное), engagement (состояние или процесс), ganging, mesh (состояние или процесс)25) Security: chaining (напр. блоков текста)27) Electrochemistry: keying28) Combustion gas turbines: adhesion (колёс локомотива с рельсами) -
8 accrochage mécanique
Dictionnaire d'ingénierie, d'architecture et de construction > accrochage mécanique
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9 искусственно усиленное сцепление между бетоном и арматурой
Construction: mechanical bondУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > искусственно усиленное сцепление между бетоном и арматурой
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10 механическое сцепление между бетоном и арматурой
Construction: mechanical bondУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > механическое сцепление между бетоном и арматурой
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11 Haftwirkung
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12 cohésion de compression
Dictionnaire d'ingénierie, d'architecture et de construction > cohésion de compression
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13 mechanischer Verband
Deutsch-Englisch Fachwörterbuch Architektur und Bauwesen > mechanischer Verband
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14 liaison méchanique
Dictionnaire d'ingénierie, d'architecture et de construction > liaison méchanique
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15 accrochage mécanique
Architecture française et le dictionnaire de construction > accrochage mécanique
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16 liaison méchanique
Architecture française et le dictionnaire de construction > liaison méchanique
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17 автоматический
1. automated2. self-sustaining3. automatical4. machine-created5. mechanicalвинтовая подача; автоматическая подача — mechanical feed
6. self-acting7. typematic8. unattended9. unmanned10. unstaffed11. unwatched12. automaticСинонимический ряд:1. машинальный (прил.) машинальный; механический2. самодействующий (прил.) самодействующий -
18 Pratt, Francis Ashbury
[br]b. 15 February 1827 Woodstock, Vermont, USAd. 10 February 1902 Hartford, Connecticut, USA[br]American mechanical engineer and machine-tool manufacturer.[br]Francis A.Pratt served an apprenticeship as a machinist with Warren Aldrich, and on completing it in 1848 he entered the Gloucester Machine Works as a journeyman machinist. From 1852 to 1854 he worked at the Colt Armory in Hartford, Connecticut, where he met his future partner, Amos Whitney. He then became Superintendent of the Phoenix Iron Works, also at Hartford and run by George S.Lincoln \& Company. While there he designed the well-known "Lincoln" miller, which was first produced in 1855. This was a development of the milling machine built by Robbins \& Lawrence and designed by F.W. Howe, and incorporated a screw drive for the table instead of the rack and pinion used in the earlier machine.Whitney also moved to the Phoenix Iron Works, and in 1860 the two men started in a small way doing machine work on their own account. In 1862 they took a third partner, Monroe Stannard, and enlarged their workshop. The business continued to expand, but Pratt and Whitney remained at the Phoenix Iron Works until 1864 and in the following year they built their first new factory. The Pratt \& Whitney Company was incorporated in 1869 with a capital of $350,000, F.A.Pratt being elected President. The firm specialized in making machine tools and tools particularly for the armament industry. In the 1870s Pratt made no less than ten trips to Europe gaining orders for equipping armouries in many different countries. Pratt \& Whitney was one of the leading firms developing the system of interchangeable manufacture which led to the need to establish national standards of measurement. The Rogers-Bond Comparator, developed with the backing of Pratt \& Whitney, played an important part in the establishment of these standards, which formed the basis of the gauges of many various types made by the firm. Pratt remained President of the company until 1898, after which he served as their Consulting Engineer for a short time before retiring from professional life. He was granted a number of patents relating to machine tools. He was a founder member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1880 and was elected a vice-president in 1881. He was an alderman of the city of Hartford.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsVice-President, American Society of Mechanical Engineers 1881.Further ReadingJ.W.Roe, 1916, English and American Tool Builders, New Haven; reprinted 1926, New York, and 1987, Bradley, 111. (describes the origin and development of the Pratt \& Whitney Company).RTS -
19 Whitney, Amos
[br]b. 8 October 1832 Biddeford, Maine, USAd. 5 August 1920 Poland Springs, Maine, USA[br]American mechanical engineer and machine-tool manufacturer.[br]Amos Whitney was a member of the same distinguished family as Eli Whitney. His father was a locksmith and machinist and he was apprenticed at the age of 14 to the Essex Machine Company of Lawrence, Massachusetts. In 1850 both he and his father were working at the Colt Armory in Hartford, Connecticut, where he first met his future partner, F.A. Pratt. They both subsequently moved to the Phoenix Iron Works, also at Hartford, and in 1860 they started in a small way doing machine work on their own account. In 1862 they took a third partner, Monroe Stannard, and enlarged their workshop. The business continued to expand, but Pratt and Whitney remained at the Phoenix Iron Works until 1864 and in the following year they built their first new factory. The Pratt \& Whitney Company was incorporated in 1869 with a capital of $350,000, Amos Whitney being appointed General Superintendent. The firm specialized in making machine tools and tools particularly for the armament industry. Pratt \& Whitney was one of the leading firms developing the system of interchangeable manufacture which led to the need to establish national standards of measurement. The Rogers-Bond Comparator, developed with the backing of Pratt \& Whitney, played an important part in the establishment of these standards, which formed the basis of the gauges of many various types made by the firm.Amos Whitney was made Vice-President of Pratt \& Whitney Company in 1893 and was President from 1898 until 1901, when the company was acquired by the Niles- Bement-Pond Company: he then remained as one of the directors. He was elected a Member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1913.[br]Further ReadingJ.W.Roe, 1916, English and American Tool Builders, New Haven; reprinted 1926, New York, and 1987, Bradley, Ill. (describes the origin and development of the Pratt \& Whitney Company).RTS -
20 прочность
strength
способность материала выдерживать определенную нагрузку (напряжение) без разрушения. — the ability of а material to resist stress without breaking.
- (заголовок раздела норм летной годности) — structure
в разделе "прочность" указываются допустимые полетные нагрузки, нагрузки на поверхности управления и системы, нагрузки, возникающие при движении ла по земле и воде и т.п. — subpart - "structure" contains flight loads, flight maneuver and gust conditions, control surface and system loads, ground and water loads, emergency landing conditions and fatigue evaluation.
- безопасно-разрушаемой конструкции — fail-safe strength
-, вибрационная — vibration strength
-, высокая — high strength
- грунта (аэродрома, впп в кгс/см@) — sub-soil strength (of runway and airfield)
- грунта, условная (в кгc/см@) — sub-soil strength
-, двухярусная — double-path strength
дублирование элементов конструкции обеспечивает двухярусную прочность, — duplicated structural memhers provide double-path strength.
-, динамическая — dynamic strength
-, диэлектрическая — dielectric strength
максимальное эл. напряжение, выдерживаемое диэлектриком (изолятором) без пробоя. — the maximum voltage a dielectric can withstand without rupturing.
-, заданная (расчетная) — specified strength
разрывная нить, имеющая заданную прочность. — а breakable thread of specified strength.
- изоляции — insulation dielectric strength
insulator has high dielectric strength over wide temperature range.
- и надежность конструкции — structural integrity
- конструкции — structural strength
- крепления — security of attachment
- материала — material strength
-, механическая — mechanical strength
-, многоярусная — multipath strength
- на изгиб — bending strength
- на износ — wear resistance
- на кручение — torsional strength
- на растяжение (на разрыв) — tensile strength
способность материала (детали) сопротивляться усилиям, действующим на растяжение или растягивание. — the ability of а body to resist forces which tend to lengthen or stretch it.
- на растяжение при изгибе — bending-tensile strength
- на сдвиг — shear strength
- на сжатие — compressive strength
- на срез — shear strength
- пайки — strength of solder bond
проверить прочность пайки эл. соединений (контактов) при помощи заостренного инструмента. — check the soldered terminal connections for strength of bond using a pointed tool.
-, предельная — ultimate strength
максимальная нагрузка (на растяжение, сжатие или срез), которую может выдержать данный материал, — the maximum conventional stress (tensile, compressive, or shear) that a material can withstand.
-, расчетная — design strength
-, статическая — static strength
-, удельная — specific strength
-, усталостная — fatigue strength
способность детали выдерживать повторные нагрузки на сжание, растяжение, или ударные нагрузки. — ability of а body to withstand repeated compressive and tensile stresses or pounding actions.
доказательство соответствования требованиям п. — proof of compliance with strength requirements
испытание на п. — structural test
нормы п. — strength standards
предел п. — ultimate strength
оценка усталостной п. — fatigue evaluation
потеря п. — loss of strength
требования п. — strength requirements
превышать расчетную п. — exceed structural limitations
проверять (подтверждать) п. (установки) испытаниями — substantiate structural integrity (of installation) by testРусско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > прочность
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См. также в других словарях:
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